Overview of the impact of climate change on the structure and dynamical properties of the stratosphere

Climate change has a significant impact on the structure and properties of the Earth's atmosphere above the tropopause. The most noticeable effects include a decrease in temperature and density. However, it is difficult to establish trends for this region of the atmosphere, which includes the stratosphere and above. This is mainly due to the need for long-term datasets to ensure that the trends are robust and statistically significant. It is also necessary to consider the impact of solar influence when trying to quantify the role of anthropogenic emissions on various variables' trends.

In this study, we explore all these issues, including the effects of different metrics on quantification and trends such as differences in geopotential levels, temperature, density, and the width of the layers. To achieve this, we use a combination of reanalysis and satellite data. The results take into account global mean values and latitudinal differences. We observe a contraction and cooling of the stratosphere in all layers, but with some variations.