Behavior of pheno-physiological parameters and surface-layer variables on vineyard environments in Piedmont (Italy) using numerical models

In the Piedmont region, located in northwestern Italy, meteorological data are available from two regional databases: the stations belonging to the agrometeorological network (RAM) and those belonging to the regional meteorological service (ARPA). The former are located in areas of agricultural interest, and the latter everywhere. By combining the two series, and adopting interpolation procedures for missing or unmeasured data, it was possible to reconstruct a complete database of hourly observations in the period 2004-2024 relating to the following quantities: temperature, humidity and pressure at the screen level, precipitation, solar radiation, and wind speed in about fifty stations located in the most renowned wine-growing areas. These data were integrated with the soil texture values ​​available in the SoilGrids database, which is a system for digital soil mapping based on a global compilation of soil profile data and environmental layers. Although the period does not have the necessary temporal dimension (30 years) to be considered strictly climatic, its length is sufficient to be able to make some preliminary considerations in this sense. Using the above mentioned data, it was possible to perform twenty-year simulations on each station using the land surface model UTOPIA (University of TOrino land surface Process Interaction model in Atmosphere), in order to obtain the energy and mass fluxes in the vegetation layer, and the subsoil temperatures and humidity in the root layer. In turn, the inputs and outputs of the previous simulations were used to perform further simulations with the crop growth model IVINE (Italian Vineyard Integrated Numerical model for Estimating physiological values), in order to obtain the trend of the main pheno-physiological parameters for each station in the twenty-year period considered. During the presentation, the evolution over the period of some variables relevant to vineyard cultivation practices will be shown, such as some components of the energy and hydrological balances (such as heat fluxes and evaporation), temperatures and humidity of the subsoil, as well as the main phenological phases and some physiological values ​​(sugar content, mass, yield, ...) in a selection of stations showing the most significant results.