A new observation and assessment system is needed to maintain the ocean health and achieve sustainable development

Healthy oceans and sustainable development are the core contents of the "Ocean Decade" plan put forward after the United Nations Ocean Conference. Maintaining the health of marine ecosystem is an effective guarantee for the realization of marine service and output functions, an important support for sustainable economic and social development, and a major issue of global concern. In many cases, we manage the ocean without understanding the ocean, because we do not really understand the past, present and future of the ocean, and the most important thing is that we lack the knowledge and hands to perceive, recognize and master the ocean. The health of the oceans depends largely on the state and safety of the organisms in the oceans. So, the theme of how to evaluate the health of the ocean should also be biology. We are concerned about marine eutrophication, because eutrophication can cause red tides and the increase of many harmful algae, which in turn will lead to the accumulation of algae toxins in shellfish that feed on algae, which will have a serious impact on human health and life when humans eat these shellfish. For a long time, our monitoring of the ocean emphasis on the environment, not the ecosystem, and the monitoring content is mainly chemical factors, with emphasis on pollutants, but the monitoring of organisms in the ocean is relatively weak, and the criteria we have long used to classify the state of the ocean are expressed by "several types of seawater", which is far from enough for the healthy ocean and sustainable development. Unable to meet the requirements of marine health assessment, we need to establish a marine health assessment system with marine organisms as the main body to monitor the ocean from the marine ecosystem The goal of measurement should be biological change and the environmental factors that lead to biological change.