A new approach to geothermal resources uses in versatile purposes ‒ Case Study from S Poland

Geothermal energy in Poland is predominantly utilized for heating, with an increasing focus on recreational and therapeutic applications. The Malopolska region is particularly notable for its concentration of geothermal wells, characterized by high temperatures and low mineralization waters. These geothermal waters can reach temperatures of approximately 82°C, with total dissolved solids (TDS) below 3 g/dm³, primarily classified as SO4–Cl–Na–Ca and SO4–Cl–Ca–Na types.

Also important possibility of using geothermal resources is the closed-loop geothermal system technology, drilled into the Earth with a series of multilateral wellbores, which may contribute to the growing importance of the use of geothermal energy in Poland in the coming years.

People are increasingly paying attention to effective use of renewable sources of energy. Recent trends indicate a growing interest among customers in the potential of geothermal resources for energy transition as well as well-being applications, especially in cascade systems. This study examines tourist interest and rising interest in efficient use of geothermal water in centers within the Malopolska region for diverse purposes, confirming the area's substantial potential for further geothermal energy utilization.