Development of a Dual-Chamber Atmospheric Simulation System for Bioaerosol Research: Size-Dependent Analysis and Surface Interaction Studies

Airborne microorganisms (bioaerosols) play crucial roles in global biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem dynamics. We have developed a novel dual-chamber atmospheric simulation system to investigate the physicochemical properties and survival mechanisms of bioaerosols under controlled conditions.

The system is installed in a BSL-2 compliant Class 100 clean room and features two interconnected stainless steel chambers. The material selection and surface treatment of the chambers have been optimized to minimize microbial adhesion while preventing electrostatic losses of aerosol particles. Each chamber is equipped with UV irradiation systems and precise temperature control mechanisms. The chambers are connected by dampers, enabling separate control of environmental conditions. This design allows for bioaerosol generation in one chamber while conducting exposure experiments with various environmental factors (disinfectants, temperature, humidity, UV radiation, etc.) in the other.

A distinctive feature of our system is its capability to simultaneously evaluate both the physical characteristics of aerosol particles and the biological activity of bioaerosols. By combining real-time particle counter monitoring with SEM-EDS analysis of particle morphology and composition, we can comprehensively characterize the properties of particles acting as microbial carriers. This approach has enabled novel insights into size-dependent effects of disinfectants and environmental stresses on airborne microbial survival strategies.

The system's unique infrastructure allows for segregation and size-specific analysis of particles and bioaerosols, making it a crucial platform for studying atmospheric microorganisms. We have validated the system through experiments with various environmental microorganisms, demonstrating its effectiveness in maintaining stable experimental conditions while enabling precise measurements of both biological and physical parameters.

Current research utilizing this facility focuses on understanding the transport processes of airborne microorganisms and their interactions with atmospheric components. The findings are expected to contribute significantly to our understanding of microbial transport processes and global biogeochemical cycles.