Modeling SEP Acceleration and Transport: A 1D Framework with COCONUT-Derived parameters

Solar energetic particles (SEPs) accelerated in coronal mass ejection (CME)-driven shocks are a critical factor in space weather hazards, yet significant gaps remain in understanding their acceleration mechanisms. While diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) is widely accepted as the primary process, the role of adiabatic focusing in spatially inhomogeneous magnetic fields is poorly understood within one-dimensional DSA theories. Using a Monte Carlo approach within a one-dimensional oblique shock framework, we investigated the effects of adiabatic focusing and particle escape of SEPs. Our model incorporates realistic magnetic field geometries and plasma parameters derived from the COolfluid COroNa UnsTructured (COCONUT) model. The results reveal that magnetic field inhomogeneities significantly influence particle acceleration efficiency and escape dynamics, highlighting the critical role of focusing effects. These findings provide new insights into SEP transport and acceleration, advancing our ability to accurately model particle behavior in CME-driven shocks.