Latest Updates on the Modeling of Jupiter's Synchrotron Emissions Using Juno Spacecraft Data

The Juno spacecraft’s Microwave Radiometer (MWR) detects thermal and non-thermal emissions from Jupiter’s atmosphere and magnetosphere, while complementary instruments observe charged particles and the planet’s magnetic field. Separating the cosmic microwave background, galactic signals, planetary thermal emissions, and synchrotron radiation belts is vital to accurately deriving Jupiter’s atmospheric composition from the MWR’s low-frequency data.

This work presents a refreshed and expanded version of the multi-parameter, multi-zonal synchrotron emission model by Levin et al. (2001), now incorporating in-situ measurements from the MWR. Previously constrained only by pre-Juno Very Large Array (VLA) observations, the underlying empirical electron-energy distribution has been substantially revised to include a time dependence in key model coefficients. We describe the methodologies and challenges involved in this model update, which continues to evolve as new MWR and magnetometer data become available.