Simulation and assessment of spaceborne hybrid Doppler wind lidar

Accurately measuring wind field is crucial for studying the dynamical structure and evolutionary characteristics of the atmosphere, as well as heat-momentum-matter exchange and balance. According to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), global observation of the 3D wind field is the primary factor for improving the accuracy of numerical weather prediction. Due to the absence of aeronautical data, meteorological observation and forecasting capabilities are notably deficient in sparsely populated areas, the southern hemisphere, the polar regions, and the vast oceans. Spaceborne Doppler wind lidar has become an important instrument for observing the vertical profile of the global wind field, with the successful operation of Aeolus. The third generation of FengYun polar-orbiting meteorological satellites are initially designed to develop a dual-system Doppler wind measurement lidar technology programme that integrates direct and coherent detection lidar, making full use of the observational advantages of the two methods to detect the global wind field with high resolution. Incoherent detection is used in the middle and upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, where molecules scatter strongly. Coherent detection is used for the observation of the middle and lower troposphere and boundary layer. This research analyses the key parameters of the spaceborne hybrid wind lidar for future satellite missions. The incoherent detection module operates at 355 nm and uses the dual-edge detection technique based on Fabry?Pérot etalon. And the coherent detection module uses heterodyne detection technique operating at 1064 nm. This paper presents a simulation model for wind measurement lidar that realizes gridded atmospheric parameters, scanning observation, and forward-inversion simulation. And a method for detecting horizontal wind field based on dual-beam observation was developed to ensure the response of the lidar for wind speed detection in both meridional wind component and zonal wind component.