Mechanisms and Synergetic Technologies for Groundwater Advantage Zone in Saline Farmland of the Yellow River Delta

The Yellow River Delta, with shallow groundwater levels, is a vital land reserve in Eastern China. However, high groundwater salinity limits soil remediation and crop growth, necessitating effective management. While shallow groundwater contributes significantly to global vegetation transpiration (~23%), its role in saline areas remains unclear. This study introduces the Groundwater Advantage Zone (GWAZ) concept to optimize groundwater use. Through field monitoring, lab experiments, model simulations, and water isotope analysis, the research aims to: 1) Identify critical water table depths by examining spatial and temporal patterns influenced by soil, climate, and regional factors; 2) Study water and salt stress on crops, focusing on root water uptake under salinity stress and groundwater subsidence; 3) Simulate soil water and salt dynamics to quantify the GWAZ as a new index; and 4) Use the GWAZ index to optimize water tables for salinity control and groundwater use. The findings offer strategies for sustainable soil and water management, supporting agricultural development in the Yellow River Delta and similar regions.