Impact of global warming on the anemia among women of reproductive age in the global south

Climate anomalies in a warming world can directly or indirectly affect public health across genders, particularly among vulnerable groups such as women of reproductive age. However, it remains unclear whether global warming may exacerbate the widespread public health challenge of anemia in women of reproductive age (WRA), especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) that are highly susceptible to socioeconomic, demographic, and geographical factors. In this study, we combined a high-resolution anemia prevalence dataset with climate data into a fixed-effect panel regression model to investigate the impact of global warming on anemia prevalence among WRA in LMICs between 2000 and 2018. We revealed how temperature variation affected anemia prevalence and examined whether these effects correlated to economic and policy developments. Furthermore, we projected future spatiotemporal trends of anemia prevalence among WRA in LMICs under diverse warming scenarios. These outcomes can help inform the decision-making of World Health Organization's strategies for anemia control and support the implementation of region-specific initiatives aimed at improving women's health.