Analyzing Hydrological and Sediment Transport Patterns in the Seman River Basin, Albania, Using the WASA-SED Model

The hydrological and sediment transport regimes of Mediterranean river basins are critical for effective water resource management, especially in regions vulnerable to land degradation and erosion. This study investigates the Seman River Basin in Albania, employing the WASA-SED (Water Availability in Semi-Arid environments – SEDiments) model to simulate flow and sediment dynamics. Daily data on precipitation, temperature, soil properties, land use, discharge, and suspended sediment concentrations were used to quantify runoff and sediment yields in the basin. Results demonstrate a strong correlation between rainfall intensity, land surface cover, and sediment transport, with notable seasonal variations in runoff. Sediment deposition within the basin significantly reduces the storage capacity of local dams, aggravating water resource challenges. Additionally, land use changes, particularly deforestation and agricultural expansion, exacerbate sedimentation and impact the hydrological regime. This study provides valuable insights into the sediment dynamics and hydrological processes of Mediterranean river basins, offering a predictive tool for water resource management and sediment mitigation strategies. The findings underscore the need for sustainable land and water management practices in the Balkans and similar environments.