Design of an Slotted Waveguide Antenna Array for Ground Controlled Interception (GCI) Radar

This Abstract presents the design and analysis of an advanced Edge slotted waveguide antenna array tailored for high-gain applications within the S-band frequency range (2 GHz - 4 GHz). Initially developed for scientific and military purposes, slotted waveguide antennas (SWAs) have become a key component in various radar systems due to their exceptional features, including high directivity, low side lobe levels (SLL), low losses, excellent phase stability, and better power handling capabilities. The antenna array introduced in this work integrates as many as 40 number of radiating elements to achieve high gain and a sharply focused pencil-beam radiation pattern, making it ideal for radar and communication systems.

The radiating slots are precisely machined into the narrow wall of a WR-284 waveguide, ensuring both optimal electromagnetic performance and structural robustness. Comprehensive electromagnetic simulations confirm the antenna’s efficient operation within the S band, meeting the rigorous requirements of modern technologies. The design achieves a remarkable realized gain of 42.48 dBi, with beamwidths of 1.3° and 4.6° in the vertical and horizontal planes, respectively, and a VSWR of 1.24:1. The array , demonstrating the exceptional capabilities of slotted waveguide antennas in delivering high power, interference-resistant performance. These findings emphasize the critical role of SWAs in advancing radar and communication technologies.