Integrating Geophysical Measurements and Borehole Lithological Data Analysis to Assess Groundwater Potential in Fractured Basement Terrains

Electrical methods are widely used to delineate fractured aquifers, still, there are some limitations in their possibility to obtain clear interpretation to simulate resistivity measurements and align the subsurface lithology layer without supplemental data directly. To decrease these limitations, the research integrates electrical measurements with borehole lithological data to explore groundwater potential in fractured basement terrains. In Sudan's Neoproterozoic basement complex, the Orshab watershed provides a suitable example to apply the methods caused by limited groundwater availability in the basement area. Until be approve the depth, thickness, number of layers, and distribution of groundwater-bearing formations, geo-electrical surveys were conducted clothing to productive wells to provide conceptual and enhance the other geophysical interpretation covered in the study area.

 Three distinct geo-electrical layers were identified: alluvial deposits with resistivity values ranging from 27 to 1997 Ωm and a thickness of ~5 m; a second layer with thicknesses of 2–10 m; and weathered basement, fractured basement rocks layers reaching 20–45 m and 20–35 m, respectively. Three primary aquifer types were found: alluvial deposits, weathered basement, and fractured basement as unconfined aquifer, with a maximum depth of approximately 65-70 m, as This depth is recommended for drilling new boreholes to ensure a sustainable water supply for the region.

This research expresses that integrating geophysical data with borehole lithological data notably enhances the interpretation of geophysical results. The approach has limited ability to contribute to a reliable understanding of resistivity for groundwater exploration in the region that has similar geological settings