Recent advancements in thermochronology have significantly broadened its applicability to provide insights on Earth-system processes across various geological settings and timescales. However, novel applications of thermochronometric techniques sometimes reveal limitations in our understanding of thermochronometric systems and flaws of their associated theoretical models. This session aims to present the state-of-the-art of mid- and low-temperature thermochronometric systems – including but not limited to the Ar/Ar, fission tracks, Raman dating, (U-Th)/He, 4He/3He and trapped charge dating systems – and assess their ability (and disability) to provide reliable datasets for geological interpretation. We welcome contributions that explore (1) theoretical and experimental work introducing new thermochronometers or aiming at improving our understanding of current systems, (2) innovative approaches to quantify and model thermochronometric data, (3) integration of thermochronology with field observations, remote sensing, geomorphological techniques, isotopic methods and modeling (numerical and analog), and (4) applications that constrain the timing, magnitude, and rates of processes affecting the lithosphere and shaping the Earth surface across various temporal and spatial scales. We particularly welcome contributions aiming at providing new constraints on relief evolution, deposition/erosion, source to sink processes, sediment provenance, weathering, faulting, hydrothermalism, tectonics, geothermal changes, formation of ore deposits. These insights will pose important implications for the broader Earth-science community.