Nature-based climate solutions, such as conservation agriculture, forest restoration, and wetland rewetting, offer great promises to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for climate change mitigation. However, they also impact a variety of ecosystem properties such as surface albedo, energy partitioning, and hydrological cycles. To effectively measure, report, and verify (MRV) SOC changes, GHG fluxes, and climate-relevant parameters or processes, enhanced monitoring and modeling capabilities are urgently needed to comprehensively quantify the dynamics of carbon, energy, water, and nutrients in ecosystems. This session welcomes a wide range of contributions on topics related to nature-based climate solutions in agriculture, forestry, wetland, and other landscapes including, but not limited to: (1) developing scalable and cost-effective monitoring capacities through proximal and remote sensing combined with modeling to track SOC changes, GHG emissions, surface albedo, energy and water fluxes; (2) synthesizing multi-source observations to infer changes in the mentioned parameters and processes in natural and managed ecosystems; (3) developing process-based models to simulate the coupled carbon-food-water-energy processes in various landscapes; and (4) Enhancing systematic model-data integration to quantify the climatic impacts of nature-based solutions and inform decision-making in farming practice, policy design, and economic returns.