Dynamics of Bedload Transport in Alpine Gravel-Bed Streams: Long-Term Monitoring Using RFID Technology

This study presents eight years of continuous monitoring data on bedload transport dynamics in alpine gravel-bed river systems in Austria, specifically the Urslau and Strobler-Weißenbach rivers, utilizing radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Stationary antennas were employed to detect embedded RFID tracers, enabling the acquisition of high-resolution data on particle transport velocities, transport distances, and sediment dynamics. A total of 1,612 RFID-tagged stones were deployed, enabling the generation of large and comprehensive datasets on bedload transport dynamics. Seasonal variability and long-term trends were observed at the Urslau stream, while targeted short-term measurements at the Strobler-Weißenbach stream provided crucial insights into flood event dynamics. The study underscores the influence of environmental factors, such as grain size, river gradient, and hydraulic parameters, on bedload transport processes in alpine streams. Additionally, the efficiency of stationary antennas was optimized to ensure uninterrupted monitoring. These findings emphasize the value of advanced monitoring technologies in understanding river processes and addressing emerging challenges, including those posed by climate change and anthropogenic pressures on river systems.