Simulation and Evaluation of CO2 Concentration Variability over the Korean Peninsula using the WRF-VPRM Model.

In this study, simluation performance was evaluated using the WRF-CHEM model coupled with the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model(VPRM) module, which accounts for the Net Echosystem Exchange (NEE) by terrestrial ecosystems. In the WRF-VPRM model, carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations are simulated by dividing them into three components: background, anthropogenic, and biogenic.

To execute the WRF-VPRM model, various input datasets were utilized, including ERA5 meteorological fields, CAMS CO2 concentrations, EDGAR CO2 emission data, and MODIS surface reflectance data. To obtain high-resolution results for the Korean Peninsula, a nested grid system was configured, covering East Asia (27 km spatial resolution) and the Korean Peninsula (9 km spatial resolution). Fore Vegetation information - a critical input for VPRM - the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Land Surface Water Index (LSWI), which represent vegetation activity and soil moisture derived from MODIS observations, were employed.

To evaluate the model's preformance, including seasonal variability, simulations were conducted over a three-year period from 2018 to 2020 for the East Asian region. Validation against ERA5 (meteorological variables) and CAMS data (CO2 concentration) usde for initial and boundary conditions confirmed an annual trend of increasing CO2 concentrations over the Korean Peninsula.  Furthermore, the WRF-VPRM model successfully captured seasonal variability, showing lower concentrations during the summer - when vegetation effects are most prominent - compared to other seasons. This presentation introduces the validation of meteorological variable simulations and the analysis of characteristics related to CO2 concentration fluctuations.