Anomalous high geomagnetic reversal frequency at the end-Permian

High-resolution geomagnetic record at the end Permian is essential for probing the Earth’s core dynamics, stratigraphic dating, correlation of continental strata with marine ones, as well as linkage between biosphere variation and geomagnetic field. Here, we report a high-resolution geomagnetic polarity sequence across the Permian Guadalupian-Lopingian boundary (GLB, ~260 million year) from South China. This record reveals an episode of exceptionally high polarity reversal rate. Notably, fluctuations in the geomagnetic polarity reversal coincide with major global changes - including Pangea configuration shift, widespread volcanism, and Paleozoic sea-level lowstand and biodiversity perturbations. Cross-correlations indicate that moderate environmental stress may enhance biodiversity, whereas exceeding tolerance thresholds drives the biodiversity declines and potential extinction events. These findings highlight that geodynamic forcing as an essential control on the long-term stability and habitability of biosphere.