Geospatial Assessment of Sustainable Ecotourism Potential in Naryn, Kyrgyz Republic

The present study aims to identify potential areas for the development of sustainable ecotourism in the Naryn Region of the Kyrgyz Republic using geographic information systems (GIS) and weighted overlay methods based on Earth remote sensing data. Ecotourism is one of the most dynamically developing and economically promising sectors oriented toward sustainable territorial development. The Naryn Region possesses significant potential for ecotourism development due to its mountainous terrain, unique natural landscapes, rich biodiversity, and cultural heritage. The weighted overlay method is an effective and visually intuitive tool for comparing multiple thematic layers, whose values are determined based on natural, environmental, and socio-economic factors. The study utilizes open-access geospatial data, including satellite imagery and digital elevation models. Data processing and analysis are carried out using ArcGIS software and specialized remote sensing applications. Seven thematic layers are employed in the analysis: elevation above sea level, land use and land cover, proximity to water bodies, transportation accessibility, population density, proximity to protected areas, and natural and cultural heritage sites. Based on the physical-geographical and socio-cultural characteristics of the Naryn Region, weighting coefficients are assigned to each thematic layer, followed by an integrated suitability analysis. As a result, an ecotourism suitability map is generated and classified into five categories from very high to very low suitability. The results demonstrate the potential of specific areas within the Naryn Region for sustainable ecotourism development while simultaneously accounting for environmental protection constraints.