Constraining the shape and density of binary asteroid (121) Hermione
- 1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Marseille, France (marin.ferrais@lam.fr)
- 2European Southern Observatory (ESO), Alonso de Cordova 3107, 1900 Casilla Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
- 3Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, France
- 4Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Astronomy, V Holešovičkách 2, CZ-18000, Prague 8, Czech Republic
- 5Núcleo de Astronomía, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Diego Portales, Av. Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile
- 6ONERA, The French Aerospace Laboratory, Châtillon, France
- 7IMCCE, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, 77 Ave. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France
- 8Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Aoút 17, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- 9Astronomical Observatory Institute, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Słoneczna 36, 60-286 Poznan, Poland
Context
(121) Hermione is a large binary asteroid [1] located at the outer edge of the asteroid belt in the Cybele region, where asteroids are thought to be linked to the outer Solar System. Hermione has a Ch/Cgh-type that has been linked to CM chondrites. Adaptive optics observations between 2003 and 2008 suggest a rare bilobate shape for the primary [2,3]. However, Hermione’s shape and bulk density (ranging between 1.4 and 2 g.cm-3) remain poorly constrained to this day.
Aim
We acquired spatially resolved images and optical lightcurves of Hermione during its close apparition of September 2021. It was the best chance in 13 years to acquire such high angular resolution images (angular diameter = 0.14”). We aimed to constrain Hermione’s 3D shape, hence its volume, and the orbit of its satellite, hence the mass of the system. Combining the volume and the mass allows to constrain the bulk density with high accuracy.
Methods
We obtained 8 series of 5 images with the SPHERE/ZIMPOL instrument on the Very Large Telescope (ESO Program ID 107.22UT.001; PI: P. Vernazza). These images were combined with optical lightcurves and stellar occultations by the ADAM and MPCD methods [4,5] to reconstruct the asteroid’s 3D shape. For the determination of the satellite’s orbit, we complemented the SPHERE images with a compilation of archival data from other large ground-based AO instruments (KeckII/NIRC2, ESO/VLT/NACO and Gemini-North/NIRI). Then, we used the meta-heuristic algorithm Genoid [6] to accurately determine the orbital elements.
Results
The determined volume and mass of Hermione yield a new higher bulk density of ~1.7 g.cm-3, more compatible with its Ch/Cgh classification. We will also present our analyse of the shape and compare it with other elongated Ch/Cgh asteroids.
Bibliography
[1] Merline et al. (2002), IAU Circ. 7980
[2] Marchis et al. (2005), Icarus, 178, 2, p. 450-464
[3] Descamps et al. (2009), Icarus, 203, 1, p. 88-101
[4] Viikinkoski, M., Kaasalainen, M., & Durech, J. (2015), A&A, 576, A8
[5] Capanna, C., Gesquière, G., Jorda, L., Lamy, P., & Vibert, D. (2013), The Visual Computer, 29, 825
[6] Vachier, F., Berthier, J. and Marchis, F. (2012), A&1, 543, A68
How to cite: Ferrais, M., Vernazza, P., Marsset, M., Jorda, L., Carry, B., Hanus, J., Brož, M., Yang, B., Fétick, R., Marchis, F., Vachier, F., Birlan, M., Jehin, E., Podlewska-Gaca, E., Bartczak, P., Fusco, T., and Dudziński, G.: Constraining the shape and density of binary asteroid (121) Hermione, Europlanet Science Congress 2022, Granada, Spain, 18–23 Sep 2022, EPSC2022-395, https://doi.org/10.5194/epsc2022-395, 2022.
