A framework for just, nature-positive futures based on the Nature Futures Framework: exploring pathways for cities, landscapes and value chains.

In response to the current biodiversity crisis, various efforts have emerged to develop pathways toward nature-positive futures that align with the goals and targets of the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). However, the social sciences and humanities remain underrepresented in these studies. This is problematic, as it risks neglecting issues of justice and equity and may inadvertently reproduce unjust or unsustainable relations. In this paper, we address the need to imagine and develop scenarios for achieving the GBF goals and targets in a just manner. We argue that just, nature-positive pathways—developed through inclusive and participatory processes—are essential for informing transformative policy and inspiring equitable action. In doing so, we respond to calls for more inclusive explorations of futures informed by the social sciences. In this study, we respond to the calls for a more inclusive and approach informed by the social sciences. A pluriversal approach refers to acknowledging the existence of multiple realities, rather than a singular, universal one, such as the hegemonic Western perspective. In doing so, it advocates for the coexistence and fruitful exchange of different knowledge systems, cultural practices and beliefs. We aim to address this gap through developing a conceptual framework based on a range of relevant literatures and practices, which in turn will inform the development of a “toolkit” for developing visions and pathways that incorporate crucial insights from the social sciences. The point of departure for our study was the Nature Futures Framework (NFF). In addition, we use the concept of justice as a lens to interrogate underlying power dynamics, structural inequities, and trade-offs between actors’ stakes and goals in processes of transformative societal change. Drawing on the NFF as well as on additional insights from the social sciences and humanities, we present a conceptual framework for developing such pathways.  We apply the framework in three distinct case studies focused on cities, landscapes, and value chains. As such, we  demonstrate possibly novel applications of the NFF.