Flash droughts in the Dry Corridor of Central America: A case study in Nicaragua

Flash droughts are increasingly impacting the Dry Corridor of Central America, particularly in regions dominated by rainfed agriculture, further exacerbating the pressures already faced by agriculture, ecosystems, and water resources management. These phenomena are distinct from the generally accepted concept of droughts due to their rapid intensification, often lasting for three weeks or more. Understanding how flash droughts occur and evolve, along with their impacts, is closely linked to the geographical and socioeconomic contexts of affected areas. This understanding is essential for effective monitoring and represents a critical component of drought management. This study examines the spatial and temporal characteristics of flash droughts in Nicaragua, providing a representative case for understanding regional patterns. The analysis utilizes evaporation and potential evaporation variables derived from remote sensing data. Key metrics—including spatial extent, frequency, duration, and severity of flash drought events—were identified and analyzed. The findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of flash droughts in dry regions, contributing to efforts aimed at strengthening the resilience of socioeconomically and environmentally vulnerable communities.