Analysis of GHG Emissions in Tropical Reservoirs: A Socio-Hydrological Approach in Atlantic Rainforest and Amazon Biomes

Tropical reservoirs serve a crucial role in the efficient management of water resources contributing to public supply, irrigation, and flow regulation. However, they often emerge as significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and social conflicts. These aquatic ecosystems are located in various Brazilian biomes, such as the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Plant (UHE), situated in the Amazon biome, and the Pedreira and Duas Pontes reservoirs, currently under construction in the Atlantic Forest biome. Each of these reservoirs reflects the complexity of interactions between environmental and social factors, requiring meticulous analysis in light of growing concerns about climate change.

The proposed research includes the collection and analysis of environmental and operational data related to these reservoirs, considering crucial variables such as flooded area, types of aquatic vegetation present, and local climatic data. A central focus of the study is to understand how social practices and land use in adjacent areas influence greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To achieve this, a comprehensive analysis of agricultural and urban activities that may affect both the availability of organic matter and the decomposition dynamics in the reservoirs is conducted.

The methodology adopted utilizes a socio-hydrological approach, allowing for an in-depth investigation of the interrelationships between social and environmental factors. The research includes the application of the G-Res tool to calculate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulting from management practices in the reservoirs. The aim is to understand the community's perceptions regarding water, conservation practices, and their correlations with GHG emissions, with the goal of providing practical recommendations that promote more efficient and sustainable water management.

The study aims to develop future solutions that address interconnected environmental and social issues, aligning with the goals of water sustainability in Brazil, minimizing GHG emissions, and encouraging sustainable practices; thereby contributing to the conservation of water resources and improving the quality of life for local communities. 

Keywords: Tropical Reservoirs, Greenhouse Gases, Sustainable Water Management, Socio-Hydrological Approach, Tropical Biomes.