Reduction of Raw Material Consumption in the Manufacture of Asphalt Mixtures Using Modern Technologies

In this century, the intensity of road traffic has reached unprecedented levels, with an extraordinary number of vehicles circulating on the streets. Another notable aspect is the rapid rate of vehicle proliferation, driving the need for innovative approaches to enhance asphalt mixtures that can sustain this challenge. This paper aims to explore transformations brought by the rationalization and utilization of waste materials while presenting examples of their integration in reuse processes. Specifically, it discusses how industrial waste such as metallurgical slags, coal ash from power plants, and residual rubber can act as viable substitutes for widely used natural aggregates in asphalt mixtures.

In practice, these materials exhibit two key attributes for such applications.

The foremost quality is their comparable properties to conventional aggregates. Research shows that waste materials like power plant slags and ashes possess characteristics similar to those of aggregates typically used in asphalt production, with some even providing enhanced performance benefits. The second attribute is the ample availability of these materials, stored in quantities often exceeding demand. For example, substantial amounts of residual rubber can partially replace bitumen in asphalt mixtures, leading to considerable cost reductions.

Additionally, the fact that residual industrial materials are otherwise regarded as waste and contribute to pollution reinforces the value of replacing natural aggregates with artificial alternatives. Each of these waste materials has been subjected to rigorous laboratory testing to evaluate the properties they impart when substituting asphalt components. Furthermore, tests on reclaimed asphalt (recycled asphalt) demonstrate the potential to reuse older materials, thereby reducing reliance on natural resources and lowering production expenses.

The judicious use of industrial waste offers significant environmental advantages. The massive accumulation of slag and ash, which poses disposal challenges, can be repurposed effectively, alleviating environmental degradation. This research highlights the importance of incorporating waste materials into asphalt production to achieve sustainable development, optimize resource use, and protect natural ecosystems.

Key words: Aggregates, Pollution, Reuse, Waste