Observations of Io from Juno's close flybys

JIRAM (Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper) is an imager/spectrometer
onboard Juno, primarily designed for studying Jupiter's atmosphere and
auroral emissions. During its mission, JIRAM also obtained extensive
data on Io, the most volcanically active body in the solar system. The
instrument combines imaging and spectroscopy in a single device. The
imager operates in two bands: the "L" band (~3.3 to 3.6  µm), which primarily
detects surface albedo, and the "M" band (~4.5 to 5 µm), optimized for
mapping thermal structures. The spectrometer covers a range of 2 to 5
µm with a spectral resolution of 9 µm. With an angular resolution of
0.01°/pixel, JIRAM achieved a spatial resolution of up to 300 m during
close flybys of Io.
This work summarizes JIRAM’s observations of Io during the first 62
Juno orbits, and in particular the last ones, where the observation
conditions were more favourable. Detailed thermal maps reveal a
multitude of volcanic hotspots, including ring-shaped near-infrared
emissions from numerous lava lakes. The evolution of Loki Patera, the
largest and most active lava lake on Io, was monitored over nearly two
years, providing new insights into its thermal characteristics. These
observations contribute significantly to our understanding of Io’s
dynamic volcanism and thermal processes