Accurate modeling of wind-generated ocean waves is critical for understanding coastal processes, maritime operations, and coastal management. Recent advances in global wave forecasting have substantially improved large-scale predictions; however, bridging the gap between coarse-scale solutions and the finer-resolution requirements of nearshore environments remains an ongoing challenge. In this study, we present our latest developments in numerically downscaling wind-wave fields using the WAVEWATCH III (WW3) framework on unstructured grids, enabling more flexible resolution in complex coastal and shallow-water settings.
We detail a series of enhancements in WW3 aimed at improving both precision and computational efficiency. These include a new limiter implementation within the implicit scheme, GSE correction, and refined numerical integration of shallow water source terms and wave setup computations. In addition, we have optimized memory management and parallelization across the WW3 code base. By applying these techniques to a range of configurations, from simplified wind-wave growth scenarios to high-resolution global unstructured-grid models, we illustrate the upgraded performance and broad applicability of WW3, including its potential for more accurate wave climate assessments.
Lastly, we showcase a novel wave modeling framework based on a recent C++ language implementation of the unstructured solver. This approach leverages SIMD-based vectorization at the CPU level (0-level parallelism) in conjunction with domain decomposition and hybrid MPI+OpenMP parallelism, resulting in significant computational speed-ups. Such gains are especially valuable for long term runs of high resolution simulations, highlighting the framework’s suitability for future climate modeling efforts that demand high-resolution wave climatology over extended temporal scales.
How to cite: Roland, A., Abdolali, A., Hesser, T., Michaud, H., Honegger, D., Bryant, M., Huxhorn, T., and M. Smith, J.: Advancing High-Resolution Downscaling of Wind-Generated Ocean Waves Using WW3 on Unstructured Grids, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-16980, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-16980, 2025.
Recent advancements in data-driven weather forecasting have demonstrated superior accuracy compared to traditional physics-based approaches for several components of the Earth system. While prior work on wave forecasting has focused on wave-atmosphere interactions through fine-tuning pre-trained models or training specific forced wave models, we present the results of training a joint model of waves and atmosphere, forecasting the two components simultaneously.
Surface winds, which can be well represented by data-driven atmospheric models, and waves are highly coupled. Therefore, we train a joint model of the atmosphere and waves, incorporating several wave fields into the deterministic Artificial Intelligence/Integrated Forecasting System (AIFS) at ECMWF [Lang et al., 2024]. For the training, a new dataset was constructed using ECMWF’s latest wave model [ECMWF, 2024; Yu et al., 2022]. The updated wave model offers an enhanced representation of wave fields especially under sea ice, resolving challenges with moving missing values.
The data-based wave forecasts are competitive with the ECMWF's operational physics-based wave model. Additionally, we present findings on how integrating wave fields enhances surface wind predictions. Through case studies, we illustrate the effectiveness of this approach, highlighting its potential to advance the accuracy and reliability of global weather forecasting systems.
[Lang et al., 2024] Simon Lang, Mihai Alexe, Matthew Chantry, Jesper Dramsch, Florian Pinault, Baudouin Raoult, Mariana C. A. Clare, Christian Lessig, Michael Maier-Gerber, Linus Magnusson, Zied Ben Bouallègue, Ana Prieto Nemesio, Peter D. Dueben, Andrew Brown, Florian Pappenberger, and Florence Rabier. AIFS – ECMWF’s data-driven forecasting system. arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.01465, 2024. https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01465.
[ECMWF, 2024] IFS documentation CY49R1–Part VII: ECMWF wave model. ECMWF Tech. Rep. CY49R1, 120 pp.
[Yu et al., 2022] Jie Yu, W. Erick Rogers, and David W. Wang. A new method for parameterization of wave dissipation by sea ice. Cold Reg. Sci. Technol. 2022, 199, 103583.
How to cite: Hahner, S., Bidlot, J., Kousal, J., Zampieri, L., and Chantry, M.: Representing waves in ECMWF’s data-based forecasting system AIFS, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-11946, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-11946, 2025.
How to cite: Dobrynin, M., Reinert, D., Günther, H., Prill, F., Sievers, O., Fundel, V., Adamidis, P., Behrens, A., Bruns, T., and Zängl, G.: ICON-waves: a new ocean surface waves component of the ICON modeling framework., EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-9710, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-9710, 2025.
The Southern Ocean is strongly affected by uncertainties on the surface wind, and consequently the fluxes exchanged between the atmosphere and the ocean include fairly strong biases. The assimilation of directional wave spectra from wave scatterometer SWIM of CFOSAT has demonstrated the improvement of the prediction of the different scales of waves from the wind-waves to the swell. As a result, the estimation of momentum and heat fluxes are positively affected, particularly in the western boundary current regions. This work presents long term validation of key ocean parameters (temperature, current and salinity) in the Southern Ocean from coupled experiments of the MFWAM and NEMO models over a long period of 4 years. Simulations with and without the assimilation of SWIM spectra are compared to estimate the impact on ocean circulation.
The ocean model outputs have been validated with the available level 3 & 4 in situ and satellite observations over the Southern Ocean. A comparison was made with climatologies for some parameters such as the ocean mixed layer. The results indicate a significant impact on the heat content at 300 m depth in the Southern Ocean, particularly in the marginal ice zone. The analysis of temperature and salinity profiles over specific locations in the MIZ shows good consistency of variability with the coupled simulation using CFOSAT assimilation. In this work we investigated the impact of using wave/ice interaction in the coupling. We also examined the use of Eddy diffusivity Mass fluxes (EDMF) convection scheme in NEMO model and evaluate the impact on ocean circulation in the southern ocean. Further comments and conclusions will be reported in the final presentation.
How to cite: Aouf, L., Bedossa, E., and Giordani, H.: On long term assessement of improved ocean/wave coupling in the Southern Ocean and Marginal Ice Zone, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-21482, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-21482, 2025.
Polynyas, regions of open water enclosed by sea ice, are persistent features near the Antarctic coast as well as in the pack ice. Waves are known to occur within polynyas. If a polynya is sufficiently separated from the “blue” Southern Ocean by pack ice, then it can be considered isolated from Southern Ocean waves. Wave energy in isolated polynyas must be generated locally. During offshore wind conditions, a polynya could provide a long fetch for waves to develop, and the wind-waves may be steep enough to break the ice pack from the inside outward. This is in contrast to the typical focus of wave-induced sea ice break-up from the outside-inward with waves originating from the Southern Ocean. Here, we present our investigation of this inside-out sea-ice erosion mechanism based on buoy measurements of waves in the Vincennes Bay Polynya, East Antarctica. The measurements confirm the presence of energetic locally generated waves, which appear to be sufficiently steep to break the ice at the polynya edge. Further, we evaluate the wave-induced sea-ice break-up potential in this recurring polynya over the past two decades. Our results confirm the importance of locally generated waves in Antarctic polynyas. This highlights the previously overlooked potential of waves to accelerate sea-ice loss from within the pack ice, contributing to the recent Antarctic sea-ice decline.
How to cite: Voermans, J., Liu, Q., Cao, L., Heil, P., Collins, C. O., Kousal, J., Rabault, J., and Babanin, A.: Sea ice break-up potential by locally generated wind waves in a polynya, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-3850, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-3850, 2025.
Abstract:
A comprehensive overview to the mud liquefaction and fluid mud mass transport induced by waves and currents are proposed in the shallow water regions. In this regard, the Shallow Water Equations (SWEs) must be solved for the upper water layer and the mud mechanical response to the free surface must be investigated. The aim of the present study, thus, is two folded: 1) To numerically investigate the newly developed energy-stable skew-symmetric form of the linear and nonlinear shallow water equations (SWE) using high-order numerical schemes with the so-called summation by parts (SBP) property; 2) analytical solutions to the interactions between waves, currents, and the muddy bed layer and compare the results for different constant, linear, and second-order current profiles.
The nonlinear stable boundary treatments with penalty-like simultaneous approximation terms (SAT), have been applied to mimic the lifting approach of continuous characteristic boundary conditions. In order to test the skew-symmetric form of SWE with the new variables, a manufactured solution (MS) is deployed, and the scheme is shown to be robust in the domain and at the boundary sides. The free parameters in the new form of the equations slightly change the convergence.
The effects of mean shear stress and its variations on wave dispersion relations as well as mud (particle and mass transport) velocities are investigated. It is found that the second-order profile presents the maximum effects on the wave field (wave dissipation and mud mass transport velocities) compared to the constant and linear current profiles. However, assuming the constant current profile, frequently applied in the literature models, results in the minimum effects. A local peak exists in the mud mean discharge over the current profile curvature. The mud velocity induced by the linear current profile presents the closest value to the particle velocity for the no-current case. Additionally, the second-order current profile provides slightly better results for the mud mass transport velocity rather than the constant current profile when comparing the results with the laboratory data.
There is a rather huge gap between the existing agreed mechanisms in the literature for non-cohesive and cohesive sediment which is addressed. Also, the lack of experimental and theoretical results for the mud liquefaction mechanism is pointed out. Open questions in the field and potential topics for further research are presented.
Keywords:
Shallow water equations, Mud mass transport, Wave-current-mud interaction, Summation by parts, Stable boundary conditions, Mud liquefaction and transport
How to cite: Ghader, S., Shamsnia, S. H., Kalisch, H., Nordström, J., and Haghshenas, S. A.: Numerical-analytical solutions to mud mechanical responses to the waves in shallow water regions: From cohesive sediment to fluid mud, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-2505, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-2505, 2025.
The interaction between acoustic and surface-gravity waves is typically disregarded in classical wave theory due to their distinct propagation speeds. However, nonlinear dynamics enable energy exchange through resonant triad interactions, facilitating significant coupling between these wave types. This study investigates the resonant interaction involving two acoustic modes and one gravity wave in water of finite and deep depths. Using the method of multiple scales, nonlinear amplitude equations are derived to characterise the system’s spatio-temporal behaviour.
The analysis reveals that energy transfer efficiency depends strongly on water depth. While deeper water hinders energy transfer, shallower regimes enhance interaction, particularly when higher acoustic modes are involved. Numerical simulations identify parameter ranges where gravity wave amplitudes can be amplified or reduced, contingent on factors such as initial acoustic amplitudes and wave packet widths.
These findings have implications for tsunami mitigation, offering a potential mechanism to reduce wave amplitudes before reaching shorelines. Furthermore, the insights contribute to renewable energy harnessing from surface gravity waves by leveraging resonant acoustic-gravity interactions. This work advances the theoretical framework for understanding acoustic-gravity wave dynamics, highlighting opportunities for practical applications in environmental and energy contexts.
How to cite: Zuccoli, E. and Kadri, U.: Resonant Triad Interactions of Acoustic and Gravity Waves in Water of Finite Depth, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-6161, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-6161, 2025.
Compared to 2-way coupled simulations over the Gulf of Mexico (GOM), additional wave (3-way) coupling shifts the energy of the surface flow toward the model grid resolution (8-9 km) and showed higher energy in the velocity potential component than the divergence component. The heat budget of the Loop Current showed differences between 2- and 3-way coupling. e.g. the magnitude of the heat tendency and the pattern of the advection term. and also a strong TC quadrant-dependent heat budget when a TC interacts with the LC. For instance, the heat budget at the LC warm core and at a TC center was ~1.5 times smaller for 3-way coupling than the 2-way counterpart. On the other hand, the heat at the LC front and TC right-quadrant were about the same magnitude regardless of coupling, but the large negative trend for 3-way coupling at the time a TC passed was not completely accounted for by the individual budget terms. It is interesting to observe a shift from the rotational field dominant for a pre-storm period to the divergence component during the TC passage, which might be related to the storm-induced upwelling.
How to cite: Kim, H.-S. and Shao, M.: Numerical investigation of 3-way coupled tropical cyclone (TC)-Loop Current (LC)-wave non-linear interactions, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-1260, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-1260, 2025.
The study investigates the inter-annual variability of energy contained by wind waves over the tropical Indian Ocean using Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis. Emphasizing the first two leading modes of variability, the regions with significant changes in wind wave power over the last four decades are identified utilizing reanalysis data sets spanning between 1979 to 2023. In the first two EOF modes, accounting for 36.29% and 14.56% of the total variance respectively, the variability exhibited is highest in the Tropical Southern Indian Ocean region.
The leading mode of variability (EOF 1) exhibits multiple distinct lobes of high variability, including the southern tropical Indian Ocean region (10°S–30°S, 70°E–100°E), the southwest Arabian Sea, the southeastern tip of the Indian Ocean, and the southeastern equatorial Indian Ocean, which shows contrasting trends. Notably, these regions of high variability align precisely with the zones of extreme values in the annual climatology of energy flux input into surface waves over the tropical Indian Ocean computed for the same study period. Although wind speed is often used as a general proxy to explain and reason wave power variability, the parameter ‘energy flux input into surface waves’ demonstrates the closest and precise resemblance to zones of spatial variability of wave power in the study region, as it directly measures the energy transfer from wind to waves, accounting for critical factors such as air-sea coupling, wave age, and sea state. Considering this, the study also examines the met-ocean parameters that influence the energy flux input into surface waves. The climatology and long-term variability of parameters such as wind stress, wave steepness, and wave age in the study region were analysed. Additionally, the relative contribution of each parameter to wave power variability in the region was assessed.
In EOF Mode 2, the entire study region, excluding the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, exhibits a clear contrasting pattern between the eastern and western sides, with a prominent dipole pattern observed in the tropical southern Indian Ocean, spanning 10°S to 25°S and 55°E to 110°E.
This study offers insights into the long term variabilities in the energy contained by wind waves and to identify and analyze the met-ocean drivers influencing these variations and to assess their contribution.
Figure: Spatial Distribution of Inter-Annual variability in power of wind waves based on
(a) EOF1 and (b) EOF 2
(a)
(b)
How to cite: Rahman, T., Sajeev, R., and Nair, S.: Assessing the Inter-annual variability of energy contained by wind waves in the tropical Indian Ocean, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-13185, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-13185, 2025.
Climatic modes like ENSO and IOD influence wind systems, which in turn can significantly impact the wave dynamics of a region. This study focuses on the changes in seasonal characteristics of waves induced by ENSO and IOD over the Bay of Bengal (BoB). We used monthly ERA-5 dataset of wind and wave parameters for 1980–2020. Based on Niño3.4 and dipole mode index, different phase of ENSO and IOD were selected. During the monsoon season, it was found that El Niño and La Niña increase significant wind wave height (Hsw) in the coastal regions, while they reduce the significant swell height (Hss) over the entire basin. However, the nIOD and pIOD enhance both the Hss and Hsw, albeit in different regions of the BoB. In post-monsoon season, when El Niño and La Niña are comparatively more active, they show similar features as pIOD and nIOD respectively. Reduced significant wave height (Hs), Hsw, and Hss in the entire BoB were noticed in the presence of El Niño and pIOD. However, these parameters were found to increase during La Niña and nIOD, especially in the eastern BoB. During winter, the signatures of the waves were much similar to those of post-monsoon but the magnitudes were comparatively low. During pre-monsoon of the next year, El Niño and pIOD showed signatures with increased Hss in the western BoB, whereas Hsw activity increased over the whole BoB. In presence of La-Niña and nIOD, a basin-wide increment in Hs, Hss, and Hsw is noticed. The aforementioned changes during different seasons were even more pronounced when El Niño & pIOD and La Niña & nIOD co-occurred. All these features noted in Hs, Hss, and Hsw during different seasons were found to co-vary with the spatial wind patterns, indicating winds to be a primary driver of these wave activities.
How to cite: Sahu, S., Gupta, H., Deogharia, R., and Sil, S.: Seasonal Wave Characteristics in the Presence of ENSO and IOD over the Bay of Bengal, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-15317, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-15317, 2025.
Submesoscale processes usually have characteristic horizontal scales of O(0.1 to 10) km and timescales of O(0.1 to 10) days, and play significant roles in energy cascade and vertical tracer transport which affect ocean circulation, air-sea interactions, and biogeochemical cycles. As an effective way, high-resolution simulations have been conducted to study submesoscales. The hydrostatic approximation becomes unsuitable for high-resolution ocean modeling because the horizontal scales of the motions are comparable to the local vertical scales. Combining hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic pressure in the ocean general circulation models (OGCMs) contributes to accurate modeling. Based on the pressure correction method, the non-hydrostatic dynamics are implemented into the hydrostatic OGCM. Based on the numerical simulation, the dynamic characteristics and spatiotemporal Variations of submesoscales in the South China Sea (SCS) are analyzed, and two leading generation mechanisms, including strain-induced frontogenesis and mixed layer baroclinic instabilities, are discussed through the vertical buoyancy transport and potential vorticity budget analysis. The comparison also shows that the simulated internal tide signature by non-hydrostatic OGCM is more obvious, and the simulated temperature are significantly closer to the Argo data. The construction of non-hydrostatic OGCM greatly promotes high-resolution ocean modeling and is of great significance for the research on the multi-scale interaction.
How to cite: Zhuang, Z.: A numerical study of submesoscale dynamic processes in the Northern South China Sea, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-3878, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-3878, 2025.
For the first time, directional wave spectra are reconstructed from visually observed wind wave data over the North Atlantic Ocean. For this purpose, a novel analytical approach for calculating the directional spreading function from visual ship-based observations is proposed. Natively and inherently separated estimates of wind sea and swell heights, periods, and directions of propagation provide independent directional spreading functions for wave systems in a given area and time. Shape parameter and the mean angle are evaluated from spatially and temporally averaged sine and cosine projections of wave directions. The calculated directional spreading functions combined with frequency spectra of wind sea and swell allow for two-dimensional spectra reconstruction from visible wave elements on different temporal and spatial scales. The new approach was applied to visual wave observations in the North Atlantic for the period of 1970-2023. Visual wave observations were taken from the ICOADS (International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set), consolidating all available observations by Voluntary Observing Ships (VOS). Directional wave spectra were reconstructed in two spatial grids: 10°x10° and 1°x1° with a temporal resolution varied from one day to climatological month. The results were intercompared to the directional spectra derived from the long-term model hindcasts of wind waves performed with WWIII spectral wave model for both individual daily spectra and regional spectral climatology of wind waves. We also analyzed interdecadal changes of directional spectra in both VOS-based and model products and their ability to explain observed and modeled changes in wind wave heights and directions. Thus, the ability to derive directional wave spectra from visual observations adds a new value to the conventional analysis of wind sea and swell systems in terms of heights and periods.
How to cite: Grigorieva, V., Sharmar, V., Gulev, S., and Toledo, Y.: Reconstruction of directional wind wave spectra from visual ship-based observations, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-6011, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-6011, 2025.
The Titicaca project is intended to experimentally test theoretical and empirical models used in fluid mechanics to describe wind-wave interactions. At Lake Titicaca, which is located at altitude of 3800 m, atmospheric pressure is reduced to some 60% by comparison with the sea level. Titicaca, with deep waters in excess of 250 m, has an elongated shape with the long axis of120 km and its short axis of 50 km, and provides wave fetches which are long enough for wave development across a full range of sea state conditions
All modern wave models are validated considering data at the sea level. In the theory, air density and pressure are variable, but in experiments at the sea level they are not. Therefore, the study, apart from academic merits, also has practical value in practical terms of wave forecast. For example, significant change of air pressure is not uncommon (e.g. up to 20%) in tropical cyclones, which fact can lead to respective, or larger errors for predicted wave heights, but so far is not accounted for.
The objective of the project is to measure wave generation, development and breaking in conditions of low air density and air pressure. Standard non-dimensional dependences for wave evolution (normalized by the local wind) are investigated and compared to the known (sea level) results. Evolution of the wave spectrum under the low-pressure winds is studied and benchmarked against classic JONSWAP development of wind-generated waves.
As expected, evolution of waves forced by the wind under low pressure is different to the sea level, but details of the differences are not necessarily expected. For the same wind forcing, Titicaca waves start with lower energy by comparison with their sea-level counterparts, but grow faster and catch up in magnitude towards the Pierson-Moscowitz conditions. Their spectrum exhibits higher levels of both enhancement and the tail towards full development, and we argue that it is stronger nonlinear fluxes across the spectrum that are responsible for faster growth of peak waves under weaker wind input at the tail. Comparison of low-pressure tropical-cyclone waves with the Titicaca evolution is conducted and demonstrate consistent behaviours.
How to cite: Babanin, A., Palenque, E., Voermans, J., Lopez, C., and Babanin, A.: Wave Growth at Low Atmospheric Pressure, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-8089, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-8089, 2025.
Global warming is altering the atmosphere and ocean dynamics worldwide, including patterns in the generation and propagation of ocean waves, which are important drivers of coastal evolution, flood risk, and renewable energy, among others. In French Guiana (northern South America), where most of the population is concentrated in coastal areas, understanding future wave climate change is critical for regional development, planning and adaptation purposes. The most energetic waves typically occur in boreal winter, in the form of long-distance swell originating from the mid-latitude North Atlantic Ocean. However, existing high-resolution wave climate projections that cover the French Guiana region focus on the hurricane season only (summer-fall).
In this study, a state-of-the-art basin-scale spectral wave model and wind fields from a high-resolution atmospheric global climate model were used to simulate present and future winter (November to April) wave climate offshore of French Guiana. The model performance was evaluated against wave data from ERA5 reanalysis, satellite altimetry and coastal buoys between 1984 and 2013. A statistically significant overall projected decrease (~5 %) in wintertime average significant wave height and mean wave period was found for the 2051-2079 period under the RCP-8.5 greenhouse gas emission scenario, together with a ~1° clockwise rotation of mean wave direction and consistent reductions in extreme wave heights and frequency. The results suggest that these decreasing trends are primarily driven by changes in large-scale patterns across the Atlantic that counteract an expected increase in local wind speed. Such results are further discussed using the limited available data from a multi-model ensemble of global wave projections.
How to cite: Belmadani, A., D’Anna, M., Védie, L., Idier, D., Thiéblemont, R., Palany, P., and Longueville, F.: Wave climate projections off coastal French Guiana based on high-resolution modelling over the Atlantic Ocean, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-11948, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-11948, 2025.
Measurements of ocean surface waves are obtained and studied from various perspectives. A coastal high frequency radar and an acoustic Doppler current profiler have been deployed and operated to detect and determine the source of differences of wave information retrieved. Now more space-borne remote sensors are being used, such as optic devices, as well as real and synthetic aperture radars. We focus in determining advantages and limitations of each method to observe and retrieve directional properties of ocean surface waves. It seems that the various methods complement each other, while we critically exploit the data to determine the accuracy and resolution of wave directional information. Short wave directionality plays an important role in the final directional wave spectrum retrieved, specially under the influence of the observation geometry associated with the wind and wave relative directions.
How to cite: Ocampo-Torres, F. J., Osuna, P., Rascle, N. G., Herrera Vázquez, C. F., García-Nava, H., Díaz Méndez, G., Esquivel Trava, B., Villarreal-Olavarrieta, C. E., and Mora-Escalante, R. E.: Directional wave spectrum retrieved from in-situ and remote sensors, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-13092, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-13092, 2025.
In this study, a series of high-resolution coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave simulations are performed over the Gulf Stream to investigate the interactions between oceanic eddies and ocean surface waves. In particular, we investigate how ocean surface waves influence the dynamics of oceanic eddies and vice versa. To isolate the various feedback mechanisms, we perform dedicated simulations in which the contributions of each coupling - such as direct current-wave interactions, atmospheric feedbacks, and mesoscale oceanic features - are systematically removed from the air-sea wave coupling fields. Our results show, in agreement with observations, that oceanic eddies exert a significant influence on the surface waves, not only through direct current-wave interactions, but also by modulating the overlying atmospheric conditions. This modulation is manifested by the imprint of mesoscale oceanic features on the surface wind, which in turn affects the wave dynamics. Conversely, we also study the impact of ocean surface waves on the characteristics and statistics of oceanic eddies, providing insight into how wave-induced processes can modify eddy properties.
How to cite: Marechal, G., Renault, L., Barboni, A., Larrañaga, M., and Villas Bôas, B.: Surface Gravity Wave Response to Air-Sea Coupling in the Gulf Stream Region: A Numerical Study, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-14371, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-14371, 2025.
Few studies have focused on the projected future changes in wave climate in the Chinese marginal seas. In this study, we investigate the projected changes of the extreme wave climate over the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea (BYE) under the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios from WAM wave model ensemble simulations with a resolution of 0.1 degree This is currently the highest-resolution wave projection dataset available for the study domain. The wind forcings for WAM are from high-resolution (0.22 degree) regional climate model (RCM) CCLM-MPIESM simulations. The multivariate bias-adjustment method based on the N-dimensional probability density function transform is used to correct the raw simulated significant wave height (SWH) and mean wave period (MWP). We investigated the projected changes in frequency, intensity and duration of extreme wave events under different warming levels. Uncertainty in projected changes of extreme wave has been analyzed and results show that model uncertainty is the dominant contribution to the total uncertainties of wave projections.
How to cite: Li, D., Liu, H., and Yin, B.: High-resolution Dynamical Projections and Uncertainty assessment of the Extreme Wave Climate for China's offshore under different global warming levels, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-15849, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-15849, 2025.
This study applies the Ensemble Optimal Interpolation (EnOI) method to assimilate significant wave height (SWH) data into the WaveWatch III global ocean wave model and evaluates the impact of wave spectrum reconstruction techniques on model performance. The results demonstrate significant reductions in root mean square errors (RMSE) for significant wave height predictions, particularly in most oceanic regions except for the equatorial zones. The assimilated fields enhanced the spectral representation of the WaveWatch III model, substantially improving the accuracy of global wave simulations. This study emphasizes the potential of EnOI-based SWH data assimilation and spectral reconstruction techniques in advancing ocean wave modeling and provides valuable insights for future ocean prediction and operational applications
How to cite: Lee, H., Kim, K. O., Kim, H., Oh, S. M., and Kim, Y. H.: Improving Global Wave Spectrum Representation Through SWH Assimilation and Spectral Reconstruction in WaveWatch III, EGU General Assembly 2025, Vienna, Austria, 27 Apr–2 May 2025, EGU25-18481, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu25-18481, 2025.
