The monitoring of volcanic hazards through the combination of field observations, satellite data and numerical models presents extraordinarily challenging problems, from the identification and quantification of hazardous phenomena during pre-/syn-eruptive phases to the prediction of their impact in the assessment of risks to people and property. This session welcomes contributions that address unresolved issues related to the study and modelling of pre- and post-eruptive phenomena, including field and satellite data analysis, physico-mathematical formulations of natural processes, and numerical methods. Contributions that cross-reference efforts in traditional volcano monitoring with new technological innovations in statistical methods and artificial intelligence are encouraged. The objectives of the session include: (i) expanding knowledge of complex volcanic processes and their spatio-temporal dynamics; (ii) monitoring and modelling volcanic phenomena; (iii) assessing the robustness of models through validation against real case studies, analytical solutions and laboratory experiments; (iv) quantifying uncertainty propagation through both forward (sensitivity analysis) and inverse (optimisation/calibration) modelling for all kind of volcanic hazards; and (v) investigating the potential of machine learning techniques to process multidisciplinary data in developing a better understanding of volcanic hazards.