Traditionally, the Weather value chain was focused on providing weather services, including mostly measurements, short- and mid-range forecasts and derived services for different downstream sectors. Climate characterisations, Assessments and relate services were largely the responsibility of National Hdyro-Meteorological Services (NHMS) and Academia, and only a small part of the service range, and only few private companies specialised in providing such services to their customers.

With the increasing certainty and impact of Climate change, the need has increased to provide more in-depth analyses of impending changes and their impact. This has led to the emergence of new services, and of new companies providing specific services of climate change assessment to different segments of the industry during the past 10 years. This trend is likely to continue and to require new skills and personnel.

This paper analyses the market for climate services in Europe from 2010-2020, by quantifying the presence and emergence of new companies providing such services in terms of sales, number of jobs and market segments. Where possible, the data are updated until 2022.

The paper then lists legal requirements imposed by European legislation, company policies and recent demand to quantify the market requirements.

Based on past trends and market needs, the paper further attempts to make projections for the period 2023-2030 regarding the evolution of the market in terms of sales volume, the number of jobs and the qualifications required.

The market analysis is based on the European market research conducted by PRIMET for the period 2010-2020, and own research in the area since then.

How to cite: Gutbrod, K. G., Caspar, E., and Eccleston, A.: Climate Services in the Weather value chain: an outlook for Europe., EMS Annual Meeting 2023, Bratislava, Slovakia, 4–8 Sep 2023, EMS2023-532, https://doi.org/10.5194/ems2023-532, 2023.

In liberalized electricity markets, the planning and operation of the electricity grids, often, is done by private companies under the control of a public authority. Following their mandates, the European transmission system operators for electricity implement, among other analyses, national grid extension plans, the Europe-wide Ten-Year Network Development Plan and the European Resources Adequacy Assessment. To achieve evidence-based decision-making, they rely on the best-available meteorological and/or climatological information on a variety of scales, from the local distribution grid level to the European transmission system, and from short-term forecasts for the operation to climate scenarios for investment decisions. Here, the capabilities of the new Destination Earth (DestinE) Digital Twin on climate adaption can make a significant impact. It is expected that the explicit modelling of physical processes on the storm- and cloud-resolving scale also leads to a more realistic and accurate representation of the solar and wind resources. This offers great opportunities for improved energy system modelling and opens the door for new innovative approaches for adding the analysis of climate information into standard modelling workflows applied in the energy sector. However, there is a lack of knowledge about available meteorological data sets, their characteristics and the implications of using different data sets for grid planning and adequacy assessment activities in the user community. Standardized tools and methods to add the analysis of climate change and/or climate uncertainty to user workflows rarely exist. This hinders energy system modelers to make full use of the available meteorological information and, consequently, prevents users from tapping the full potential of the data. As energy systems become more dependent on weather, and as the uncertainties about climate change impacts rise, the operation and planning of integrated energy systems becomes an increasingly complex task.

Aim of this presentation is the introduction of a DestinE Use Case for the energy sector jointly implemented by DLR, the Renewables Grid Initiative and Aarhus University. By developing and implementing a representative Demonstrator exemplarily showcasing the use of climate information in the energy sector for grid planning and resources adequacy assessment purposes, this Use Case will make a valuable contribution to the co-design of energy and climate models. Furthermore, the user community will be equipped with the tools, methods and the knowledge needed to ensure the safe and clean supply of energy in Europe in accordance with the Nationally Determined Contributions to the Paris Agreement and the European Union’s “Fit for 55” goals. Overall, our Use Case shall further strengthen the collaboration between the climate sciences, the energy systems analysis and the end-users from the energy sector.

How to cite: Schyska, B., Kies, A., Hayez, L., Ceglarz, A., Medjroubi, W., and Schroedter-Homscheidt, M.: Adapting energy systems to a changing climate -- The Destination Earth Use Case Energy Systems, EMS Annual Meeting 2023, Bratislava, Slovakia, 4–8 Sep 2023, EMS2023-556, https://doi.org/10.5194/ems2023-556, 2023.

The increasing certainty and impact of Climate Change has been increasingly and intensively communicated throughout the past decade, and is today a central subject of political discussion.

Yet, little has happened in actual progress throughout the past 2 decades: emissions have risen; the rise of CO2 levels in the atmosphere as measured by the Keeling curve shows no signs of slowing down. Most international reduction targets set since 1992 have been missed, and the recent fossil fuel shortages in 2022 have shown a very limited willingness of societies to accept changes imposed by external influence and regulations.

All this happened despite that climate change communication has been frequent and outspoken:

• Climate change impacts are already being felt around the world.
• Increased economic and social damage from weather-related phenomena is regularly communicated through media;
• End-game consequences of climate change (drowning cities, desertification, massive heat waves) are apocalyptical for some areas, with direct threats to life and well-being;
• Measures to mitigate climate change are known.
• Regulatory requirements have been raised, which require countries, companies and individuals to adapt their decisions to the altering framework required for a “carbon-free” future.

This paper reviews the communication of climate change in terms of focus (problem, causes, economic impact, solution proposals, benefits) based on web and literature research.

The analysis shows a propensity of communication to be oriented towards technical terms (causes), as well as towards problems (impact and doomsday scenarios), and a lack of orientation towards solutions and benefits. The paper propose a more fruitful path through the employment of more solution oriented communication.

The paper also shows that consumers as individuals can have direct influence on the extent of climate change through their consumption and behavioural patterns, and therefore need not to wait for, or be dependent on, political decisions to mitigate the effects of climate change.

The paper concludes with some proposals on how to shape future communication on climate change with in the meteorological community and how to address different stakeholder groups.

How to cite: Fleming, G. and Gutbrod, K.: Climate Change communication: moving from problem to solution to action, EMS Annual Meeting 2023, Bratislava, Slovakia, 4–8 Sep 2023, EMS2023-627, https://doi.org/10.5194/ems2023-627, 2023.

The Eastern Mediterranean region is already experiencing the first results of climate change, as a highly vulnerable area to climate change. Latest reports indicate and highlight the strong impact of climate change across the Eastern Mediterranean area through increased average temperatures, reduced precipitation and recurrent dust storms of higher frequency and intensity.  In the decade 1998-2008, the frequency of dust storms in Cyprus has risen with an average pace of approximately 2 extra dust days per year. Since then, this trend persists, leading to an extended and annual increasing dust event period a year. 

The Cyprus Department of Meteorology adopts new services, tools and products. Evaluating and reviewing the available forecasting tools and techniques and upgrading partnerships with research institutes, universities and organizations across the Eastern Mediterranean region, were important steps in adjusting to the rapidly changing climate parameters and climate change results in the area of Cyprus.  Since 2017, the Cyprus Department of Meteorology supports the development and the implementation of a climate change adaptation strategy to dust storm events across the Eastern Mediterranean area through the LIFE project ‘MEDEA’ (Mitigating the Health Effects of Desert Dust Storms Using Exposure-Reduction Approaches), funded by the European Union.   

The Department of Meteorology (DoM) is the Authority responsible for all the issues concerning the weather and climate. Its mission is to collect and provide information related to weather and climate for all economic and social activities of the country in order to achieve high quality of services, the general welfare of the public and the protection of life and property of its citizens. In order to achieve these, the DoM runs its own numerical weather forecasting models and operates an extensive network of meteorological stations, consisting of 51 Automatic Weather Stations (A.W.S.), 77 conventional Rainfall stations, 12 conventional Climatological and 3 Synoptic stations. Synoptic stations have stuff from the DoM carrying out regular weather observations. At the station of Athalassa upper air observations are also carried out with daily radiosonde launches. Data from the A.W.S., are collected using telemetry in almost real time and are stored in the DoM’s database.

How to cite: Chrysanthou, A.: Climate change and Desert Dust Storms in Cyprus, EMS Annual Meeting 2023, Bratislava, Slovakia, 4–8 Sep 2023, EMS2023-670, https://doi.org/10.5194/ems2023-670, 2023.

According to the IPCC reports climate change has begun to be evident and the prospects appear more worrying today than a few decades ago. Although progress is being made in studying the impacts of climate change on crops and agricultural production, these are rarely directly applicable to provide future-validated solutions due to the extremely high complexity of factors that intervene at the local scale of the crop through atmosphere/soil/process interaction phenological/ecosystems, etc.

Providing an agro-ideotype requires the use of coupled climate-phenological modelling, at very high resolutions, capable of representing the processes involved at a very fine scale and extensive sensitivity simulations, performed under various projected climatic conditions and for a large number of combinations of the key phenological parameters (e.g. fertilization, sowing date, cultivar-dependent coefficients).

We present the implementation and validation of a new integrated climate / phenology / decision support (CPD) modeling system (based on CORDEX models / DSSAT model), a TLR4 system, developed under the frame of PREPCLIM project, and the results of system simulations carried out to identify the ideotypes for miaze in the near future climate (2050) for SE Europe/ Romania. Ideotyping with CPD system was carried out for an ensemble of genotyping codes (a genotyping code involed ~ 2000 simulations), for each testing alternate 12 treatments (4 planting dates and 3 fertilisation levels). The criteria for selecting optimal genotypes was according to user requirements: maximum production, stable production, minimizing the amount of leached nitrogen below the maximum level of the root front (reducing the risk of water table pollution), etc. The CPD system was validated for the southern area of Romania (Călăraşi) for the actual climate conditions. Projected changes in ideotype were simulated for two scenarios: RCP45 and RCP85 against historical simulations using an ensemble of three CORDEX models. The results for this ensemble indicate, for the control genotype, a mean decrease in production in both scenarios for all sowing dates and fertilisation levels tested, changes that were analised în relation to several factors: - a decrease (and time-shift) in the accumulated rainfall in the growing period, - a systematic earlier  flowering date and date of reaching physiological maturity, the two leading a shortening of the crop season; - a decrease in fertilization efficiency mainly for later  sowing dates and especially in RCP8.5. 

An open-source, operațional, user-interactive interface for this Agro-Climatic Service, în the support of agro-adaptation to climate change is operative under EERIS platform (eerir.eu/index.php)

How to cite: Caian, M. and Amihăesei, V.: System for Identification of Maize Ideotypes, optimal sowing dates and nitrogen fertilization under climate change - PREPCLIM, EMS Annual Meeting 2023, Bratislava, Slovakia, 4–8 Sep 2023, EMS2023-668, https://doi.org/10.5194/ems2023-668, 2023.