Integrated Analysis of Multi-Source Observations during a Supercell Storm Event in Beijing

In this paper, conventional observation data, Fengyun-4 satellite, wind profile radar, S-band dual-polarization Doppler radar, lightning positioning system data, automatic weather stations combined with radar four-dimensional variational assimilation system are used to comprehensively analyze a supercell storm in Beijing on 4 June, 2022. The results show that this supercell is triggered by a cold front. Based on the fact that the observation data has the forecasting potential for the occurrence of severe convective weather, the triggering mechanism and development process of supercell is analyzed by using multi-source data. Vertical wind shear and the change of warm and cold advection in vertical direction based on wind profile radar can help forecasters understand the change characteristics of mesoscale environment before the occurrence of strong convection.S-band dual polarization radar can effectively identify the types and characteristics of severe convection. The simulation of different stages of the occurrence and development of supercell by Variational Doppler Radar Analysis System (VDRAS for short)  shows that the collision between thunderstorm outflow and ambient warm and humid air leads to the rapid development of supercell and the right shift feature.The analysis of vdras data can effectively judge the characteristics of thunderstorm structure and development stage, which provides an important reference for the future occurrence and development trend of thunderstorm. The increase time of lightning frequency detected by lightning positioning system is advanced to the occurrence time of severe convective weather, with the advance is 7 min to 58min. The joint application of the above multi-source data has a good guiding significance for the nowcasting and early warning of sudden severe convective weather.