The exploration of Jupiter’s moons has entered an unprecedented era, driven by recent and ongoing spacecraft missions. NASA’s Juno spacecraft, now in its extended mission, has transformed from a Jupiter-focused mission into a full system explorer, performing close and distant flybys of Europa, Ganymede, and Io. Meanwhile, the upcoming dual presence of ESA’s JUICE and NASA’s Europa Clipper promises a new chapter in the study of Jupiter’s icy moons. Juno’s advanced suite of instruments has provided high-resolution imaging of surface geology and composition, subsurface sounding via microwaves and electromagnetic methods, gravitational studies of internal structures, and detailed observations of the electromagnetic fields and particle environments surrounding these moons. These data have significantly enhanced our understanding of the surface, ice shell, ocean dynamics, and interactions with the Jovian system.

This session invites contributions across a broad spectrum of Jovian system science, including results from Juno’s flybys of Europa, Ganymede, and Io, ground and space-based telescopic observations, and modeling efforts related to surface composition, geology, ice-shell thermal structure, ocean dynamics, and interior evolution, in addition what future exploration and research will be the best. Papers addressing the synergistic scientific opportunities enabled by the combined Juno and ground-based observations, by the future dual presence of JUICE and Europa Clipper, as well as comparisons with other giant planet systems and moons are also welcome.

The ESA Juice and NASA Europa Clipper missions (launched in April 2023 and October 2024, respectively) mark a new era in the exploration of the icy Galilean moons. Arriving in the early 2030s, these missions will conduct nearly a hundred combined flybys of Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, before Juice transitions into orbit around Ganymede. Both spacecraft carry comprehensive and complementary suites of remote-sensing, in-situ, and geophysics instrumentation, enabling multi-disciplinary studies of the moons’ compositions, interiors, subsurface oceans, geology, exospheres, and interactions with Jupiter’s magnetosphere.

In preparation for the arrival of these missions to the Jupiter system, this session invites contributions from across the planetary science community, with the goal of fostering collaborations that will advance our understanding of topics relevant to the Galilean moons and maximize the scientific return of the missions. This session welcomes presentations concerning laboratory experiments, numerical modeling, terrestrial analog studies, and Earth-based observations (such as those from JWST, ALMA, or HISAKI), as well as analyses of past or ongoing mission data and comparative investigations of icy moons across systems. Topics of interest include the surface geology and composition of the icy Galilean moons, their interior structures and subsurface ocean dynamics, their interactions with Jupiter’s magnetosphere, surface weathering processes, and the formation, structure, and composition of their exospheres. The detection and characterization of potential Europa plumes is also highly relevant.

Additionally, we welcome discussions on the recent Juice Moon-Earth flyby and the Europa Clipper Mars flyby, examining how these events inform upcoming observations at Jupiter. The session will also provide a platform to explore mission objectives, instrumentation, recent developments, and the potential for Juice-Clipper synergistic science, as described by the recent Juice-Clipper Steering Committee report.

Juno’s ongoing exploration of Jupiter’s system has provided groundbreaking insights into the planet’s magnetosphere, revealing complex interactions between Jupiter’s intense magnetic field, its dynamic plasma environment, and its moons. The extended mission, running through September 2025, has further broadened Juno’s scientific scope, offering unprecedented in-situ and remote observations of Io, Europa, and Ganymede, as well as Jupiter’s auroras and magnetospheric boundaries. This session welcomes contributions on Juno’s latest magnetospheric discoveries, including, but not limited to, plasma and energetic particle dynamics, magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere coupling, and moon-magnetosphere interactions. Additionally, we encourage studies that integrate data from past missions and upcoming explorations, such as JUICE and Europa Clipper, Earth-based supporting observations as well as theoretical and numerical modeling efforts to advance our understanding of Jupiter’s vast magnetospheric environment in the broader context of outer planet systems.

The Saturn-system is a dynamic and intriguing place, with moons that are diverse, ocean-worlds or potential ones, and some of the best candidates to host life in our solar system. This session focuses on the entire Saturn system, including its atmosphere, rings and moons and welcomes submissions from all these areas. As both ESA and NASA consider returning to Saturn’s Moon Enceladus with a Large Class and Flagship missions respectively, we also encourage submissions specifically related to the science of Enceladus and its plumes.

Saturn's moon Titan, despite its satellite status, has nothing to envy the planets: it has planetary dimensions, a substantial and dynamic atmosphere, a carbon cycle, a variety of geological features (dunes, lakes, rivers, mountains and more), seasons, and a hidden ocean. It even now has its own mission: Dragonfly, selected by NASA in the frame of the New Frontiers program. In this session, scientific presentations are solicited to cover all aspects of current research on Titan: from its interior to its upper atmosphere, using data collected from the Cassini-Huygens mission (2004-2017) and/or from telescopes (e.g., ALMA, JWST) and/or based on modelling and experimental efforts to support the interpretation of past and future observations of this unique world.

This session will cover all aspects of ice giant (IG) systems including (but not limited to) the atmospheric structure and composition, magnetospheres, interiors, satellites, and rings of the IGs. Interdisciplinary, crosscutting themes of ice giant planet exploration, such as the relationship to exoplanetary science and connections with heliophysics will also be considered in the session. The session will consist of a combination of solicited and contributed oral and poster presentations on new, continuing, and future studies of the ice giant systems and the importance of the ice giants to models of the formation and evolution of the giant planets and the Solar System.

We welcome abstracts that:
• Address the current understanding of ice giant systems, including atmospheres, interiors, magnetospheres, rings, and satellites including Triton.
• Advance our understanding of the ice giant systems in preparation for future exploration, both by remote sensing and in situ.
• Discuss what the ice giants can tell us about solar system formation and evolution leading to a better understanding of the current structure of the solar system and its habitable zone as well as extrasolar systems.
• Address outstanding science questions requiring future investigations including from spacecraft, remote sensing, theoretical, and laboratory work necessary to improve our knowledge of the ice giants and their relationship to the gas giants and the solar system.
• Present concepts of missions, instruments, and investigations relevant to future exploration of the ice giant planetary systems.

Due to the prioritization of the Uranus Orbiter and Probe (UOP) mission theme by the 2023 National Academy of Sciences "Origins, Worlds, and Life" planetary science decadal survey, we encourage the submission of abstracts that discuss broad science goals as they relate to the proposed objectives of the UOP mission. We welcome abstracts discussing measurements that could be made of the planet, satellites, and rings via remote sensing and/or in situ observations.

Atmospheric aerosols and cloud particles are found in every atmosphere of the solar system, as well as, in exoplanets. Depending on their size, shape, chemical composition, latent heat, and distribution, their effect on the radiation budget varies drastically and is difficult to predict. When organic, aerosols also carry a strong prebiotic interest reinforced by the presence of heavy atoms such as nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.

The aim of the session is to gather presentations on these complex objects for both terrestrial and giant planet atmospheres, including the special cases of Titan’s, Pluto's and Triton's hazy atmospheres. All research aspects from their production and evolution processes, their observation/detection, to their fate and atmospheric impact are welcomed, including laboratory investigations and modeling.

The gas giants Jupiter and Saturn have complex atmospheres where jet streams, convective storms and variable weather patterns interact at multiple spatial and temporal scales and where complex variations in density and composition driven by solar radiation, particle interactions and the energetic auroras occur.

Analyzing these atmospheric variations, as well as the properties of the clouds and hazes that cover both planets, enable to investigate the fundamental mechanisms governing gas giant atmospheres, including the overall atmospheric circulation, how energy is distributed in these atmospheres, what is the vertical structure of the clouds, how large is the role of convection, how the upper atmosphere and ionosphere affect the chemistry and dynamics of the lower atmosphere and troposphere, what is the interior structure of the gas giant planets, etc. In addition, comparative studies of these planets contribute to advancing our knowledge of the behavior of exoplanetary atmospheres and serve to establish links with scenarios of formation and evolution of gas giant atmospheres.

This session welcomes papers concerning the current state of the atmospheres of the gas giant planets, Jupiter and Saturn, with special emphasis on observations (from recent and ongoing planetary missions and from the ground), dynamics, chemistry, vertical structure, clouds and hazes, auroras and modelling. Abstracts concerning the interior of these planets or discussing new research on past missions such as Cassini, ongoing missions like Juno, future observations from missions such as JUICE, and ground-based and space-based facilities are also welcome.

The formation and evolution of planets remains a fundamental question with broad implications to the understanding of the structure of the universe and the presence of life beyond Earth. Recent measurements from Juno and Cassini missions have revealed novel fundamental constraints on the interior structure of Jupiter and Saturn and how they relate to atmospheric observations. These new insights are posed to enrich the interpretation of exoplanet atmospheric data and its connection to the bulk composition of exoplanets. Beyond Jupiter and Saturn, the recently proposed Uranus Orbiter and Probe mission has already initiated community efforts to develop new techniques and models to assist the future exploration of ice giant planets. Here we bring together theory and observations capable of advancing our understanding of giant planets in the solar system and beyond. We welcome studies that discuss interiors, formation, evolution, and interior-atmosphere interactions.. Active investigations in this field include ring and Doppler seismology, gravity fields, equations of state, normal mode oscillations, dynamo magnetic fields, core detection and characterization, helium and heavy element bulk composition, formation scenarios, thermal evolution studies, long-living vortices, zonal flows, stable stratification, atmospheric structure, and atmospheric elemental abundances.

Radar observations can provide detailed information on material properties (e.g., composition, porosity, roughness) for planetary surfaces across the solar system. Crucially, ground-based measurements, such as from the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico and the Goldstone Solar System Radar in California, have provided invaluable astrometric information and size constraints for over 1000 near-Earth objects, which have been used to inform planetary defense. Furthermore, for some NEOs, radar imaging has provided meter-scale details of shape and wavelength-scale roughness and spacecraft radars have provided constraints for small-body interiors (e.g., CONSERT on ROSETTA). Across the solar system, radar measurements have discovered in situ resources, such as buried water ice, and informed landing site selection by facilitating geohazard assessment studies.
For more than 50 years, the Arecibo Observatory planetary radar explored the Solar System from Earth, including determining the rotation rate of Mercury, detecting liquids on Saturn’s moon Titan, and observing tens to hundreds of NEOs yearly, many with sufficient data for detailed analysis of surface morphology and 3-D shape reconstruction. Current radar facilities continue monitoring near-Earth space (e.g., Goldstone), as well as emerging capabilities at Green Bank Observatory and southern hemisphere observing capabilities in Australia. Various radar observing methods have also been used to study Solar System bodies in orbit, including synthetic aperture radar imagers (e.g., the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter’s Mini-RF), and sounders (e.g., Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s SHARAD). Many more such instruments are en route (e.g., RIME on JUICE and REASON on Clipper for Ganymede and Europa, as well as JuRa for 65803 Didymos) and others are in development (e.g., SRS on EnVision, and VISAR on VERITAS for Venus), as well as planned instruments for small body exploration, including the upcoming close-approach of 99942 Apophis (e.g., RAMSES).
In this session, we invite contributions relating to ground- and space-based planetary radars, from the analysis of existing missions and facilities, laboratory and field-analog studies, to instrument development, and new techniques to conduct radar studies.

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the development of computer software capable of performing tasks that would typically require human intelligence. Machine learning (ML) is a branch of computer science that explores algorithms that can learn from data. ML is primarily divided into supervised and unsupervised learning. In the former, the algorithm is presented with examples of labeled examples, and a training routine is executed to learn a general rule that maps inputs to outputs. In the latter, no label is provided to the learning algorithm, which enables the network to autonomously identify latent and representative structures in the data. Deep learning is a branch of machine learning based on multiple layers of artificial neural networks, which are computing systems inspired by the biological neural networks found in animal brains. This session aims to provide a forum for discussing recent advancements in the applications of AI and ML to planetary science.

JWST has proven to be an essential component in the current era of planetary exploration. Via a combination of high-resolution infrared imaging (NIRCam), and spatially resolved spectroscopy (MIRI, NIRSpec and NIRISS), JWST has been delivering transformative new insights into the origins and physicochemical phenomena shaping the myriad worlds of the Solar System.

Solar System observations have accounted for 4-6% of all JWST time allocated during the first three cycles, with almost every major body being viewed at least once in JWST’s major instrument modes, as well as >100 small bodies across the Solar System. This has generated a host of new discoveries, from the atmospheres and ionospheres of giant planets; to the distribution of ices on ocean moons; the hydration properties of small bodies; the chemical composition of comets; and the taxonomy of Trans-Neptunian Objects to tell the story of Solar System evolution. These exceptional new insights will set the scene for the next generation of planetary missions beyond Mars, both those en route to their destinations (e.g., Lucy, Psyche, JUICE, Europa Clipper and others), and those preparing for the next steps in our exploration of the Solar System.

This interdisciplinary session welcomes papers spanning the entire planetary science community, reporting new discoveries using JWST in any discipline.